- In Kirby v Sanderson Motors Pty Ltd (2001) 54 NSWLR 135; [2002] NSWCA 44 at [20] – [21] Hodgson JA said, inter alia:
“The general requirement to avoid surprise means that material facts must be stated in such a way that the defending can understand the materiality of the facts, that is, how they relate to a cause of action.”